Networking Models
Very often the design of a network is based upon its intended function. There are different types of networking models. Each has their own advantages and disadvantages based on several factors including, location, cost, scalability (ability to build on the existing network), and installation and implementation.
Networks fall under two basic categories:
- Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks
- Client/Server-based networks
Peer-to-Peer
P2P networks are very often used for file sharing, several peers can serve as ‘warez’ servers,
allowing for the download and distribution of files over the internet. These are generally setup over a public network, and for this reason are also considered less secure. They are mostly decentralised, where no login is required to a central server, although they can also be centralised which requires user login. The clients attached in a peer-to-peer network are effectively both the client and server. Because these networks are sharing files over an unsecured network, it is possible to download files infceted with viruses, malware or trojans.
Another type of peer-to-peer network is the Microsoft P2P model. You can only have a maximum of 10 computers and it is inexpensive to implement.
Client/Server
The client/server network configuration typifies the business model, where a series of nodes connect to a central server or series of server computers. A node can be a workstation, or a piece of networking equipment such as a router, repeater, switch or hub. A server can be a computer that provides services such as data storage, client authentication, and host various network resources.
This particular model is usually centralised offering a degree of control over the network from a central point. This also provides client and user authentication and easy administration from the one location. The client/server model increases network efficiency distributing processing tasks between the clients and servers. The client provides the interface for the user and is known as the front-end, while the server hosts the services for the client and is known as the back-end.
A basic example of a client/server model is where a client using a browser request information from a web-server. The client (front end) request a webpage from a web-server (back-end), the web-server answers the client to fulfil the request and sends the webpage to be displayed on the client's screen.
The client/server network configuration typifies the business model, where a series of nodes connect to a central server or series of server computers. A node can be a workstation, or a piece of networking equipment such as a router, repeater, switch or hub. A server can be a computer that provides services such as data storage, client authentication, and host various network resources.
This particular model is usually centralised offering a degree of control over the network from a central point. This also provides client and user authentication and easy administration from the one location. The client/server model increases network efficiency distributing processing tasks between the clients and servers. The client provides the interface for the user and is known as the front-end, while the server hosts the services for the client and is known as the back-end.
A basic example of a client/server model is where a client using a browser request information from a web-server. The client (front end) request a webpage from a web-server (back-end), the web-server answers the client to fulfil the request and sends the webpage to be displayed on the client's screen.